瀝青混凝土是混凝土的一種，它是路用瀝青材料與礦質(zhì)材料混合拌制而成的，用于公路路面的修筑，它的種類型號(hào)眾多，按所用結(jié)合料可分為石油瀝青混凝土和煤瀝青混凝土兩類，按礦料的級(jí)配可分為Ⅰ型密級(jí)配型、Ⅱ型半開(kāi)級(jí)配型、開(kāi)級(jí)配型三種。瀝青混凝土和水泥混凝土都屬于混凝土，不過(guò)它們的使用材料、功能和缺點(diǎn)都存在區(qū)別。下面一起來(lái)了解一下瀝青混凝土有哪幾種型號(hào)吧。

　　Asphalt concrete is a type of concrete that is made by mixing asphalt materials and mineral materials for road construction. It is used in the construction of highway pavements and has many types and models. According to the binder used, it can be divided into two types: petroleum asphalt concrete and coal tar asphalt concrete. According to the grading of mineral materials, it can be divided into three types: Type I dense graded type, Type II semi open graded type, and open graded type. Asphalt concrete and cement concrete both belong to concrete, but their materials, functions, and disadvantages differ. Let's learn about the various types of asphalt concrete together.

　　一、什么是瀝青混凝土

　　1、 What is asphalt concrete

　　瀝青混凝土，又稱瀝青砼，是人工選配具有一定級(jí)配組成的礦料，碎石或軋碎礫石、石屑或砂、礦粉等，與一定比例的路用瀝青材料，在嚴(yán)格控制條件下拌制而成的混合料，主要用于修筑公路路面。

　　Asphalt concrete, also known as asphalt concrete, is a mixture made by manually selecting mineral materials with a certain grading composition, such as crushed stone or crushed gravel, stone chips or sand, mineral powder, etc., and mixing them with a certain proportion of road asphalt materials under strictly controlled conditions. It is mainly used for constructing road surfaces.

　　二、瀝青混凝土有哪幾種型號(hào)

　　2、 What are the types of asphalt concrete

　　瀝青混凝土的類型眾多，按照不同的分類方法，有不同的型號(hào)：

　　There are many types of asphalt concrete, and according to different classification methods, there are different models:

　　1、按所用結(jié)合料分：可分為石油瀝青混凝土和煤瀝青混凝土兩大類，有的還會(huì)采用或摻用天然瀝青拌制。

　　1. According to the type of binder used, it can be divided into two categories: petroleum asphalt concrete and coal tar asphalt concrete. Some may also use or mix with natural asphalt.

　　2、按所用集料分：可分為碎石的、礫石的、砂質(zhì)的、礦渣的等幾類，其中碎石作為集料的瀝青混凝土最為普遍。

　　2. According to the type of aggregate used, it can be divided into several categories such as crushed stone, gravel, sandy, slag, etc. Among them, asphalt concrete with crushed stone as aggregate is the most common.

　　3、按混合料最大顆粒尺寸分：可分為粗粒（35～40毫米以下）、中粒（20～25毫米以下）、細(xì)粒（10～15毫米以下）、砂粒（5～7毫米以下）等幾類。

　　3. According to the maximum particle size of the mixture, it can be divided into several categories: coarse particles (below 35-40 millimeters), medium particles (below 20-25 millimeters), fine particles (below 10-15 millimeters), sand particles (below 5-7 millimeters), etc.

　　4、按礦料的級(jí)配分：可分為Ⅰ型密級(jí)配型（空隙率為3-6％）、Ⅱ型半開(kāi)級(jí)配型（孔隙率為6-10％）、開(kāi)級(jí)配型（空隙率10%以上）。

　　4. According to the grading of mineral materials, they can be divided into Type I dense grading (porosity of 3-6%), Type II semi open grading (porosity of 6-10%), and open grading (porosity of 10% or more).

　　5、按礦料的組成分：可分為密實(shí)-懸浮結(jié)構(gòu)（如AC-Ⅰ）、骨架-空隙結(jié)構(gòu)（如OGFC）和密實(shí)-骨架結(jié)構(gòu)（如SMA）等。

　　5. According to the composition of the mineral material, it can be divided into dense suspended structure (such as AC-I), skeleton void structure (such as OGFC), and dense skeleton structure (such as SMA).

　　三、瀝青混凝土和水泥混凝土的區(qū)別有哪些

　　3、 What are the differences between asphalt concrete and cement concrete

　　瀝青混凝土和水泥混凝土都是混凝土，都可以用來(lái)修筑公路路面，不過(guò)它們?cè)诤芏喾矫娑加胁煌帲?/p>

　　Asphalt concrete and cement concrete are both types of concrete that can be used to construct road surfaces, but they differ in many ways:

　　1、使用材料不同

　　1. Using different materials

　　瀝青混凝土是在礦質(zhì)材料中摻入路用瀝青材料拌制而成的；水泥混凝土則是由水泥、砂、石等用水混合結(jié)成整體的工程復(fù)合材料。

　　Asphalt concrete is made by mixing mineral materials with road asphalt materials; Cement concrete is an engineering composite material formed by mixing cement, sand, stone, and other materials with water to form a whole.

　　2、功能不同

　　2. Different functions

　　瀝青混凝土鋪筑的路面提高了鋪路用粒料抵抗行車和自然因素對(duì)路面損害的能力，使路面平整少塵、不透水、經(jīng)久耐用；水泥混凝土鋪筑的路面剛度較大、擴(kuò)散荷載應(yīng)力能力強(qiáng)、穩(wěn)定性好和使用壽命長(zhǎng)。

　　Asphalt concrete pavement improves the ability of paving aggregates to resist damage from driving and natural factors, making the road surface smooth, dust-free, impermeable, and durable; The road surface paved with cement concrete has high stiffness, strong ability to diffuse load stress, good stability, and long service life.

　　3、缺點(diǎn)不同

　　3. Different disadvantages

　　瀝青混凝土的缺點(diǎn)是，拉應(yīng)力超過(guò)疲勞強(qiáng)度或?yàn)r青面層中的平均溫度低于斷裂溫度，會(huì)發(fā)生斷裂；另外，溫度較高的季節(jié)，車輛的反復(fù)碾壓，瀝青產(chǎn)生塑性流動(dòng)會(huì)產(chǎn)生車轍。

　　The disadvantage of asphalt concrete is that if the tensile stress exceeds the fatigue strength or the average temperature in the asphalt surface layer is lower than the fracture temperature, fracture will occur; In addition, during seasons with high temperatures, repeated rolling of vehicles can cause plastic flow of asphalt and create ruts.

　　水泥混凝土的缺點(diǎn)是對(duì)水泥和水的需要量大，而且鋪路時(shí)設(shè)置有接縫，不僅增加施工難度，還會(huì)影響行車舒適性；另外，水泥混凝土路面破壞之后，要開(kāi)挖、修復(fù)比較困難。

　　The disadvantage of cement concrete is that it requires a large amount of cement and water, and there are joints set during paving, which not only increases construction difficulty but also affects driving comfort; In addition, it is difficult to excavate and repair the damaged cement concrete pavement.